Membrane structure

Membrane is a new type of building structure developed in the middle of the 20th century. The film structure is made up of a variety of high-strength film materials and reinforcing members (steel frame, steel column or steel cable). A certain pre-tensioning stress to form a certain spatial shape, as a spatial structure that covers the structure and can withstand a certain external load.

 

Introduction

Membrane is a new type of building structure developed in the middle of the 20th century. The membrane structure carport is made up of a variety of high-strength film materials and reinforcing members (steel frame, steel column or steel cable). The pre-tensioning stress forms a certain spatial shape as a spatial structure that covers the structure and can withstand a certain external load.

 

Membrane structure is a newly developed form of building structure. Since the 1970s, membrane structure has been gradually applied to large-span buildings such as sports buildings, shopping malls, exhibition centers, and transportation service facilities. For example, Anhui Hefei Jinfan Steel Membrane Structure Engineering Co., Ltd. is a professional manufacturer in the province, a government agency, a manufacturer of car sheds and bicycle sheds. It has a good reputation and good reputation. It is committed to building a national first-class brand and membrane structure as a barrier. A building used to protect vehicles from damage, mainly to protect the wind from rain, is a rare art, giving people a beautiful visual enjoyment, its soft, its curve, its soft and soft, and its rich The shape is white and flawless, and the finish is long.

 

The membrane structure is composed of a variety of high-strength film materials (PVC or Teflon) and reinforcing members (steel frame, steel column or steel cable) in a certain way to generate a certain pre-tensioning force inside to form a certain spatial shape, as a covering structure. And a spatial structure that can withstand a certain external load. Membrane structure can be divided into two categories: aerated membrane structure and tensile membrane structure. The structure of the inflatable membrane is continuously inflated indoors, so that a certain pressure difference is generated between indoor and outdoor (generally between 10mm and 30mm water column), and the pressure difference between indoor and outdoor causes the roof membrane cloth to receive a certain upward buoyancy, thereby achieving a larger span. The tensile structure is formed by column and steel frame support or cable tensioning.

 

Special feature

Beautiful building

Membrane structure is the most representative and promising architectural form of the 21st century. It breaks the pattern of pure linear architectural style, with its unique beautiful surface shape, the simple combination of simplicity, crispness, rigidity and softness, strength and beauty, giving people a refreshing feeling, while providing architects with a bigger Imagination and creation space.

 

It has good environmental protection, light transmission and self-cleaning. The surface of the membrane is made of PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) coating or titanium dioxide coating. It has good heat insulation effect and can reflect 70% of solar heat energy. The film itself absorbs 17%, heat transfer is 13%, and the light transmittance is above 20%. After 10 years of direct sunlight, its brightness can still be retained at 70%.

 

Covering large span space

The membrane material used in the membrane structure is about 2 kilograms per square kilometer. Due to its light weight, the use of steel cables and steel structure high-strength materials, and the force system is simple and reasonable - most of the force is transmitted by axial force, so the membrane The structure is suitable for forming an open pillarless large-span structural system across a large space.

 

Fire resistance and shock resistance

The membranes used in membrane construction have excellent flame retardancy and high temperature resistance, so they can meet the fire protection requirements. Because the structure is light in weight, flexible structure and large deformation capacity, the seismic performance is good.

Short construction period: film cutting. The steel structure and steel cable of the synthetic type and skeleton are processed and manufactured in the factory. The assembly only needs to be assembled on site, and the construction is simple, so the construction period is shorter than that of the traditional building.

  

Classified by structure

The membrane structure can be divided into structure according to structure: bone format membrane structure, tension membrane structure, and inflatable membrane structure. See the picture below for details:

Classification of membrane structure architectural forms:

From the structural points can be divided into: skeleton membrane structure, tension membrane structure, inflatable membrane structure three forms

1. Frame Supported Structure

The roof frame made of steel structure or laminated timber has a structural form of tensioned film above it, and the lower support structure has high stability. Because the roof shape is relatively simple, the opening is not easily restricted, and the economic benefit is high, and is widely applicable. In any large, small-scale space.

2. Tension Suspension Structure (Tension Suspension Structure)

It is composed of a membrane, a steel cable, and a strut, and a steel wire and a strut are used to introduce tension into the membrane to achieve a stable form. In addition to being practical, innovative and aesthetically pleasing, it is also the most constructive form that exhibits the structural spirit of the membrane. Large-scale span spaces also use a form of steel cable and compressed material to support the upper membrane. Due to the high construction accuracy requirements, strong structural performance, and rich expressiveness, the cost is slightly higher than the skeleton membrane structure.

3. Inflatable membrane structure (Pneumatic Structure)

Inflatable membrane structure is to fix the membrane material around the roof structure, and use the air supply system to raise the indoor air pressure to a certain pressure, so that a pressure difference is generated inside and outside the roof to resist external force, which is supported by air pressure, and the steel cable is used as an auxiliary material. No need for any beam, column support, more space available, quick construction, high economic efficiency, but need to maintain the 24-hour blower operation, the cost of continuous operation and machine maintenance costs is higher.

Nowadays, membrane structures are increasingly seen in cities. Membrane structures have been applied to various building structures and serve as an indispensable part of our city.

 

Membrane structure engineering

The film used in the membrane structure building is a film material with good strength and flexibility, which is a material obtained by weaving a fiber into a fabric substrate and processing and fixing the resin on both sides of the substrate. The center fabric substrate is divided into polyester fiber and glass fiber, and the resin used as the coating material is polyvinyl chloride resin (PVC), silicone and polytetrafluoroethylene resin (PTFE), and the fabric is mechanically woven. The substrate and the coating material have functional properties that affect the following, respectively. Fabric substrate - tensile strength, tear strength, heat resistance, durability, fire resistance. Coating material - weather resistance, antifouling, processability, water resistance, resistance to products, light transmission.

  

Structural application

Cultural facilities--exhibition centers, theaters, conference halls, museums, botanical gardens, aquariums and other sports facilities--sports, gymnasiums, fitness centers, swimming pools, tennis halls, basketball halls and other commercial facilities - shopping malls, shopping centers, hotels, Restaurant, shop door (provocation), commercial street and other transportation facilities - airport, railway station, bus station, toll station, dock, gas station, flyover and other industrial facilities - factory, warehouse, scientific research center, processing Center, greenhouse, logistics center, etc.

Landscape facilities - building entrance, iconic essays, pedestrian street, parking lot, etc.