Commonly used steel structures, there are some types:

 

(1) Large span structure

 

The larger the span of the structure, the greater the proportion of self-weight in the load, and the reduction of the self-weight of the structure will bring obvious economic benefits. The advantage of high steel strength and light weight is just right for large-span structures. Therefore, steel structures have been widely used in large-span space structures and large-span bridge structures. The structural forms used are space trusses, grids, net shells, suspension cables (including cable-stayed systems), stringed beams, solid or lattice arches and frames.

 

(2) Industrial plant

 

The main load-bearing frame of the workshop with heavy crane weight or heavy work is mostly steel structure. In addition, in places with strong radiant heat, steel structures are often used. The structure is mostly a gantry frame or a truss frame composed of a steel roof truss and a stepped column, and a structure in which a truss is used as a roof.

 

In recent years, with the adoption of lightweight roofing materials such as profiled steel sheets, the light steel structure industrial plant has been rapidly developed. Its structural form is mainly a solid belly type variable section portal frame.

 

(3) Structures affected by dynamic loads

 

Due to the good toughness of steel, the factory with large forging hammers or other equipment for generating power, even if the truss span is not large, is often made of steel. For structures with high seismic resistance requirements, it is also appropriate to use steel structures.

 

(4) Multi-storey and high-rise buildings

 

Due to the excellent comprehensive performance index of steel structure, it has been widely used in multi- and high-rise civil buildings in recent years. Its structural form mainly includes multi-layer frame, frame-support structure, frame tube, suspension, mega frame and so on.

 

(5) High-rise structure

 

Towering structures include tower and mast structures, such as towers for high-voltage transmission lines, towers and masts for broadcasting, communications and television transmissions, and rocket (satellite) transmission towers.

 

(6) detachable structure

 

Not only is the steel structure lightweight, but it can also be bolted or other easy-to-disassemble means, making it ideal for structures that need to be relocated, such as construction sites, oil fields, and production and living room skeletons that require field operations. Formwork and brackets for the construction of reinforced concrete structures, as well as scaffolding for construction, are also made of steel.

 

(7) Containers and other structures

 

Metallurgical, petroleum, and chemical companies use a large number of container structures made of steel plates, including oil tanks, gas tanks, blast furnaces, and hot blast stoves. In addition, other steel structures such as belt corridors, pipe supports, boiler supports, etc. are often used, and offshore oil platforms are mostly made of steel.

 

(8) Light steel structure

 

The light weight of the steel structure is not only advantageous for the large-span structure, but also for the small-span structure with a particularly light roof load. Because the self-weight of the small span structure also becomes an important factor when the live load on the roof is particularly light. The amount of steel used for cold-formed thin-walled steel roof trusses under certain conditions is less than that of reinforced concrete roof trusses. The structure of the light steel structure includes a solid-section variable-section portal frame, a cold-formed thin-walled steel structure (including a metal arched corrugated roof), and a steel pipe structure.

 

(9) Combined structure of steel and concrete

 

Steel members and plates must meet the stability requirements when pressed, and often do not give full play to its high strength. Concrete is best suited for compression and is not suitable for tensioning. Steel and concrete are used together to make both materials adequate. Playing its strengths is a very reasonable structure. In recent years, this structure has achieved considerable development in China, and is widely used in high-rise buildings (such as Shenzhen SEG Plaza), large-span bridges, industrial plants and subway stations.