1. Prepare for the budget

 

For a beginner to do some knowledge before the steel structure budget, first of all, we must know the construction process of the steel structure, how each process is how to pick, how to cut, how to construct, so that you can not calculate the amount of engineering later Dew, you can also know where the loss is more; also learn the steel structure construction specifications such as how the column foot horn is arranged, what are the requirements, what is the quantity; non-destructive testing, H-beam butt welds need non-destructive testing, know which is H Type steel wing, which is H-shaped steel web, the first-grade weld of the wing needs 100% super-exploration, the second-stage weld of the web needs 20% super-exploration, etc., also need to know the quota, know what the manufacturing metal structure is installed and fixed. The quota sub-item, which sub-project of the specific project quantity, in order to clearly indicate the engineering quantity of different sub-objects in the calculation draft, so as to facilitate the later review.

 

After reading the quota, I know what sub-items are in the study of the engineering quantity calculation rules. According to the fixed sub-items learned, I study the calculation rules and learn what should be paid attention to in the calculation rules for each sub-item, such as measurement. The unit is m or m2. For example, the steel structure is super-explored. The length of the weld is measured by “m”. The surface of the sheet metal is flawed. The area of ​​the sheet is “m2”. In particular, remember what is the joint platform because the joint The cost of the platform sub-project is relatively high, and the set is more suitable. The joint platform refers to a platform that is connected to each other by two or more equipment platforms. The calculation of the engineering quantity should include the weight of the ladder, railing and handrail of the platform. For example, when we calculate the platform on the framework, except for the column and the main beam, all the remaining engineering quantities can be counted as a joint platform; we must also carefully look at the technical measures of steel structure construction, such as how the frame is sharded or segmented. What kind of reinforcement is used to calculate the amount of steel hoisting reinforcement, and the specifications and quantity of the lifting lugs required for hoisting can be calculated according to the measures, and it depends on the technical measures to lay out the platform when prefabricating the steel structure. How big is it, and when you calculate the amount of engineering, you can also calculate these.

 

2. How to draw the amount of drawings and the problems that should be paid attention to

 

Next, you can pick up the drawings and look at the pictures. First of all, don't be afraid, don't be intimidated by thick drawings. In fact, the steel structure drawings are very simple. As long as you calm down and look carefully, it is easy to understand, but don't take the drawings. I am eager to pick up the drawings to map. I think we must first look at the drawings from beginning to end to see if the drawings are the part of the drawings, which are the tube corridors, frames, ladders, etc. The technical description requirements of the drawings, as well as the labeling of each page, look at the drawings from beginning to end. If you can't understand the places, you should carefully combine them before and after you see them. If you understand it, don't rush to map. You must first look at the node map specified by the drawings you want to know, what is the column strong axis, what is the column weak axis, understand the beam and beam connection, and the beam and column connection. , combined node diagram, but also to be specific, such as cantilever beam: and one end of the beam is connected with the column or beam steel, the other end is hinged with the beam, the beam model / FL, indicating the left end steel connection, beam type / FR , indicating the right end of the steel connection. When drafting the amount of drawings, the draft requirements must be clear and clear, so that you can know what was calculated in the future. Different sub-items must be clearly marked on the draft, such as which quantity is the frame part and which quantity is the joint platform part. And the steel models in the manuscript such as Q235B and Q345B must be clearly distinguished.

 

In the following, you can click on the number of the drawing in order, although it is a map in order, but it must be combined before and after the map, do not count heavy or not. The beam on the drawing with the fixed elevation plan should not be calculated in the elevation, because the calculation in the plan is more intuitive. If the calculation is heavy in the elevation, some elevations in the elevation are not specific. The plan view, then the calculation of the amount of engineering in the elevation map, such as all the plan is 10m, 20m, 30m, and the elevation of 12m in the elevation, to calculate the amount of engineering, but pay attention to some specific small platform Is there any such elevation? If you have this elevation, do not calculate the amount of work in the elevation map. Calculate the amount of engineering in the future small platform plan. The calculation in the plan is simple and intuitive and will not be exposed. The amount of the cantilever beam bracing is not calculated in the plan view, so the amount of the bracing of the cantilever is calculated in the elevation.

 

When calculating the plan, it is best not to calculate the plan of one level to calculate all the ladders of this level. This is easy to calculate and it is more complicated. For example, if you calculate the plane with a height of 10m, you can calculate the ladder of this layer. When you reach the 20m level, you can forget it. This ladder, then the two ladders are probably from a 20m ladder on 10m or a 10m ladder on 20m. The two ladders are actually a ladder. When calculating other engineering quantities, calculate the ladder uniformly, so that you can go to the test rate with different elevations. It is not easy to calculate the weight and it is not easy to count, and you can count the number of different ladders. You can calculate the same ladder. The amount of work, then just multiply the number of ladders, and you can take out the ladder details and go all the way to calculate the ladder, avoid calculating a ladder to find a detailed map, after counting it, put it up, count The next ladder is looking for a ladder detail, which can greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of the calculation.

 

When calculating the length of the column, pay attention to the elevation of the column foot, and also reduce the thickness of the column bottom plate and the column top plate. The thickness of the column bottom plate can be seen from the drawing, but there is no specific thickness in the top plate of the column, different columns The top plate of the column with different thicknesses can be found in the thickness of the column. Node plate calculation is a difficult point in the calculation of steel structure engineering. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully understand the node diagram before calculating the node board. When calculating the gusset plate, if the gusset plate is not a regular rectangle, the rectangular area is calculated by the longest side and the widest side of the figure. It is necessary to distinguish what kind of beam is steel, what kind of beam is hinged, and different beams The corresponding support beam is different from the gusset plate. Therefore, when calculating the slab plate, pay attention to the model of the corresponding support beam. When calculating the gusset plate of the combined node, be careful not to count the weight, but also the top of the column and the column. The node map in the middle is divided and calculated, and the node graphs whose heights of the two beams are greater than 50 and less than 50 are different, and attention should be paid to distinguish them.

 

When calculating some special engineering quantities, the method of making and installing it is calculated by the way. For example, when calculating the engineering quantity of the fan-shaped platform, the specifications and the number of the tires required for making the angle steel ring are counted by the way, in case The trouble of finding it later. After all the engineering quantities have been calculated, the number of H-beams required for super-exploration can be calculated according to the specifications, and the weight of the steel structure hoisting reinforcement can be calculated according to technical measures.

 

3. How to apply the quota to prepare the budget and the problems that should be paid attention to

 

After that, you need to enter the electronic document to make it easier to find and calculate later. After the entry, the calculated amount of work should be summarized according to different quotas, and the main material table should be compiled. When the main material table is compiled, the loss should be multiplied by the previously calculated engineering quantity. The loss rate in different places is Not the same, remember that the steel separator has no loss. Carefully study the quota and set the calculated amount of work into a budget. Remember that the amount of the budget is the calculated net amount. When calculating the anti-corrosion brush oil, remember that the steel partition does not brush the oil. Generally, the H-shaped steel fireproof part only The brush primer does not brush the topcoat, and all the remaining parts are both the primer and the topcoat, but the specific drawings are required. After the quota is set and all the sub-items are summarized, the anti-corrosion ultra-high calculation is also carried out. Generally, the super-high part is the anti-corrosion part of the man-machine multiplied by 15%. In the calculation of the scaffold super high fee, it is calculated according to the labor cost of 8%. , to get a fixed direct fee, and make a fee. In the preparation of the basis, the fee schedule. If you want to use the software in your local area, you can learn the software, convert the Excel form budget into a software board, or you can directly convert the budget into a software version. It is very convenient for the software to calculate the super high fee and the scaffolding cost.